Symptoms that can’t wait: colon cancer rising

On March 17, I had the privilege of speaking with Dr. Shiva Salmasi from Dignity Health. Dr. Salmasi is an internal medicine physician who sees patients aged 18-end of life. She discussed the importance of having open communication and a trusting relationship with patients to provide best care. As much as convenience can play a role in how patients schedule appointments, patients are more satisfied with receiving continuity of care. It allows a deeper understanding into a patient’s health background and family history.

When it comes to colorectal cancer, it can be hereditary, and lead someone to being at “high risk.” In these situations, patients are screened 10 years earlier than the youngest family member who was affected by colorectal cancer. For everyone else with “average risk,” this means no first degree relatives have colorectal cancer and screening can begin at 45 years old unless symptoms deem otherwise.

Before diving deeper, “the colon’s main role is to absorb water and electrolytes from digested food, form and store stool, and support gut health through beneficial bacteria that play a role in digestion and immunity,” Dr. Salmasi explained.

Even though screening usually begins in a patient’s mid-40s, sharing family history concerning colorectal cancer or being honest about ongoing symptoms can provide opportunities for earlier screening. These symptoms can include blood in the stool, ongoing abdominal pain or cramping, unexpected or unexplained weight loss, persistent bloating not caused by diet, and a change in bowel habits. Everyone has different bowel movement patterns, but being aware of when something is unordinary for a patient themselves is influential in determining causes and treatment plans. Once a physician is aware of these symptoms, orders for a colonoscopy may be placed. Only then can polyps be seen on the inner lining of the colon or rectum. If a patient has the symptoms mentioned or has polyps, this does not necessarily indicate colorectal cancer. Regardless, they are signs to be cautious of for preventative measures at best.

If you look at your lifestyle and the people around you, risk factors are obvious. People are living more sedentary lifestyles, eating fast food more often, and being exposed to microplastics which could explain the steady incline in annual diagnoses. Luckily, colorectal cancer prevention can start at home. This looks like including a colorful diet high in fiber from fruit, vegetables and whole grains while limiting red and processed meats. Additionally, foods like yogurt and fermented products that contain probiotics for beneficial bacteria can aid in gut health. Ideally, a mix of probiotics and prebiotics which are fibers that feed healthy gut bacteria should be consumed through whole foods. Any sort of supplementation should begin after discussing with a physician first.

As always, we cannot neglect the recent health trends that have emphasized protein over every other macronutrient. Yes, protein can help with sustainable energy and muscle mass, but “rather than focusing on a high-protein diet, it is more important to choose healthier protein sources such as fish, poultry and plant-based proteins,” according to Dr. Salmasi. The next time you see anything with a “high-protein” marketing label, ensure that it has ingredients that will not disturb your gut microbiome and ensure you are pairing it with rich sources of fiber.

Despite seeing a rise in colorectal cancer, remember there are actionable items you can start today to aid in a healthy gut and colon, giving you more capacity and energy to enjoy life a bit more. If you can schedule a brunch with a friend, why not schedule an appointment with a provider to tackle symptoms early on? There is nothing more valuable in your lifetime than your own health.

“Screening saves lives” — Dr. Shiva Salmasi.

Have any other health topics you want covered? Message me today (giselle@smdailyjournal.com) and I’ll report back. Take care!

Giselle Espinoza is a longtime San Mateo resident with a bachelor’s degree in communications, working in health care administration. She brings a Gen Z perspective and slight coffee addiction.