U.S. President Donald Trump's new Africa strategy shifts from aid to trade under a "commercial diplomacy" push, urging ambassadors to broker business deals rather than manage aid programs. Washington touts $6 billion in early agreements, but African nations face steep tariffs — 30% on South African goods, 50% on Lesotho exports — threatening over 100,000 jobs and straining economies. Uncertainty surrounds AGOA, a trade pact expiring in September, while China deepens its zero-tariff engagement with 53 African countries. Critics warn the U.S. cannot promote trade while restricting access, raising fears Africa could lose out as Washington prioritizes critical minerals.